Tugas 3 Softskill Bahasa Inggris

DIRECT - INDIRECT SPEECH

Direct Speech (Kalimat Langsung) ialah kata-kata kalimat yang diucapkan langsung oleh si pembicara.

Indirect Speech (Kalimat Tak Langsung) ialah kalimat yang diucapkan untuk melaporkan kata-katansi pembicara kepada orang lain. Jadi, Indirect Speech (Reported Speech) digunakan bila kita ingin melaporkan kata-kata seseorang kepada orang lain secara tak langsung                                                                                                     

HOW TO CHANGE DIRECT TO IN DIRECT

1.        To be & Auxiliary Verbs

Direct                                       Indirect  

Am/is/are                    -             was/were

Shall/will                     -             should/would

Can                             -             could

May                            -             might

Must                          

Have/has to                 -             had to Ought to

 2.        Time & Place (keterangan waktu & tempat)

Direct                                       Indirect

now                                 -           then

tomorrow                         -           the following day

next week                        -           the following week

tonight                             -           that night

today                               -           that day

yesterday                         -           the day before

last night                          -           the night before

last week                         -           the week before

here                                 -           there

this                                  -           that

these                               -           those

 3.        Tenses

Direct                                       Indirect

Simple present                   -        simple past

Simple past

                                         -        past perfect

Present perfect

Present continous              -        past continous

Present perfect continous   -        past perfect continous

Simple future                     -        past future

REPORTING VERB 

I.         STATEMENT

Dalam Indirect Statement kita menggunakan kata that (bahwa) sebagai penghubung antara kalimat pengantar (introduce phrase) dan kata-kata yang dilaporkan (reported words). Kalimat-kalimat pengantar dalam indirect statement ialah :

He said

He said to me                    that + reported words

He told me

 - Mary told her friends “I have been to Bali twice.”

- Mary told her friends that she had been to Bali twice.

-   Father said “I am going out of town tomorrow”

-   Father said that he was going out of town the following day.

-   Mary told John “my father warned me last night”

-   Mary told John that her father had arned her the night before.

-   My sister said to me “I don’t like tennis”

-   My sister said to me that she didn’t like tennis.

-   Tom said “I didn’t go to school this morning”

-   Tom said that he hadn’t gone to school that morning.

Apabila kalimat pengantarnya dalam bentuk Simple Present Tense, maka kalimat yang dilaporkan tidak mengalami perubahan.

e.g  - John says “I will go to Bandung tomorrow”

- John says that he will go to Bandung tomorrow

-   Mary says “I have seen that film”

-   Mary says that she has seen that film.

-   My brother says “I met Tom at the party last night”

-   My brother says that he met Tom at the party last night.

-   Tom says “I don’t like English”

-   Tom says that he don’t like English.

 II.      COMMAND

Command dibagi dalam 2 (dua) bagian yaitu :

1.      Positive Command

Dalam perintah positif kita tambahkan to di depan kalimat perintahnya, sebagai penghubung antara kalimat pengantar dan perintah yang dilaporkan. Kalimat-kalimat pengantar dalam jenis ini ialah :

to + infinitive

He asked me

He told me

e.g   - He asked me “Open your book”

- He asked me to open my book.

-  Mary told me “Stop talking to Jane”

-  Mary told me to stop talking to Jane.

-  Mother asked John “Pay attention to what I say”

-  Mother asked John to pay attention to what she says.

-  John told Mary “Wait until I come”

-  John told Mary to wait until he comes.

-  The teacher said to the students “Be quiet while I am talking”

-  The teacher told the students to be quiet while she is talking.

2.      Negative Command

Dalam  perintah negatif kita tambahkan not  to di depan perintah yang dilaporkan.

e.g   - Mary told John “Don’t wait for me”

- Mary told John not to wait for her.

-  I told him “Don’t mention it to anyone”

-  I told him not to mention it to anyone.

-  Father asked her “Don’t go there alone”

-  Father asked her not to go there alone.

-  Ira asked Tom “Don’t come to my house again”

-  Ira asked tom not to come to her house again.

-  Mothers asked John “Don’t smoke too much”

-  Mother asked John not to smoke too much.

III.   QUESTION

Bila pertanyaan langsung (direct question) menggunakan kata-kata tanya seperti ; Where, When, Why, What, Who, How, dll, maka kata-kata tersebut digunakan sebagai penghubung dalam reported Speech. Pertanyaan yang dilaporkan berubaha menjadi bentuk positif. Kalimat pengantarnya ialah :

Positive Form

He asked me       where

                 When etc.  

e.g   - The man asked me : “Where do you live ?”

- The man asked me where I lived.

-  John asked Mary : “Why do you get angry with me ?”

-  John asked Mary why she got angry with him.

-  I asked him : “When did you get back from your trip ?”

-  I asked him when he had got back from his trip.

-  He asked me : “How will you go there ?”

-  He asked me how I would go there.

-  John asked the girl : “What is your name ?”

-  John asked the girl what her name was.

Bila pertanyaan langsung tidak menggunakan kata-kata tanya, dan hanya merupakan pertanyaan dalam bentuk “Yes & No Question”, maka kita menggunakan kata-kata if, whether (jika, apakah) sebagai penghubung antara kalimat pengantar dan pertanyaan yang dilaporkan.

e.g   - The boy asked John : “Does Mary live near  here?”

- The boy asked John if Mary lived near there.

-  The teacher asked her : “Have you finish your homework ?”

-  The teacher asked her if he had finished her homework.

-  Mary asked me : “Did you she John at the party the night before.

-  Mary asked me whether I had seen John at the party the night before.

-  We asked them : “Will you go to the movie with us tonight ?”

-  We asked them whether they would go to the movie with us that night.

-  Mother asked John : “Are you going to marry her ?”

-  Mother asked John if he was going to marry her.

Note :    Baik if maupun whether dapat digunakan bergantian

Softskill Bahasa Inggris - Tulisan

            SUDUT KENANGAN 

Tahun telah berlalu kawanIngatanku masih saja membayangkannyaDisudut kenangan kita melangkah bersamaMenggapai bahagia dan merasai asaYang tak pernah kita keluhkanTahun telah berlalu kawanIngatanku masih tertinggal jugaSaat di sudut mushola kecil tempat saling menyapaTempat saling membagikan sebuah arti kehidupanDalam DekapanNyaUkhuwah kita terjalinDalamMahabbahNya                                                            Kita mengenal sebuah makna persaudaraan                                                            
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